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Great White Throne Judgment

All unsaved dead stand before God's throne for final judgment. Judged by deeds recorded in books; names not in Book of Life cast into lake of fire.

Key Greek Terms

θρόνος (thronos, G2362); κρίσις (krisis, G2920); βιβλίον (biblion, G975); θάνατος (thanatos, G2288)

Linked Verses (5)

Revelation 20:11 key
KJV

And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away; and there was found no place for them.

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Revelation 20:12 key
KJV

And I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books, according to their works.

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Revelation 20:13 key
KJV

And the sea gave up the dead which were in it; and death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them: and they were judged every man according to their works.

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Revelation 20:14 key
KJV

And death and hell were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death.

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Revelation 20:15 key
KJV

And whosoever was not found written in the book of life was cast into the lake of fire.

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Church Fathers

Augustine (City of God XX.14-16) treats the Great White Throne as the final universal judgment in which all the dead are raised and judged by their works, with the Book of Life determining who escapes the second death. Lactantius (Divine Institutes VII.20) and Cyril of Jerusalem (Catechetical Lectures 15) affirm a literal bodily resurrection of both just and unjust for this judgment. Jerome (on Daniel 12:2) reads 'some to everlasting life, some to everlasting shame' as the same bifurcated outcome John records in Revelation 20:12-15.